Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is an increasingly popular training method and has become the focus of research in recent years.New EMS devices offer a wide range of mobile applications for whole-body EMS (WB-EMS) training, e.g., the intensification of dynamic low-intensity endurance exercises through WB-EMS.
The present study aimed to determine the differences in exercise intensity between WB-EMS-superimposed and conventional walking (EMS-CW), and CON and WB-EMS-superimposed Nordic walking (WB-EMS-NW) during a treadmill test.Eleven participants (52.0 ± years; 85.9 ± 7.
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4 kg, 182 ± 6 cm, BMI 25.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2) performed a 10 min treadmill test at a given velocity (6.5 km/h) in four different test situations, walking (W) and Nordic walking (NW) in both conventional and WB-EMS superimposed.
Oxygen uptake in absolute (VO2) and relative to body weight (rel.VO2), lactate, and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured before and after the test.WB-EMS intensity was adjusted individually according to the feedback of the participant.The descriptive statistics were given in mean ± SD.
For the statistical analyses, one-factorial ANOVA for repeated measures and two-factorial ANOVA [factors include EMS, W/NW, and factor combination (EMS*W/NW)] were performed (α = 0.05).Significant effects were found for EMS and W/NW factors for the outcome variables VO2 (EMS: p = 0.006, r = 0.
736; W/NW: p < 0.001, r = 0.870), relative VO2 (EMS: p < 0.001, r = 0.
850; W/NW: p < 0.001, r = 0.937), and lactate (EMS: p = 0.
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.003, r = 0.
771; w/NW: p = 0.003, r = 0.764) and both the factors produced higher results.However, the difference in VO2 and relative VO2 is within the range of biological variability of ± 12%.
The factor combination EMS*W/NW is statistically non-significant for all three variables.WB-EMS resulted in the higher RPE values (p = 0.035, r = 0.613), RPE differences for W/NW and EMS*W/NW were not significant.
The current study results indicate that WB-EMS influences the parameters of exercise intensity.The impact on exercise intensity and the clinical relevance of WB-EMS-superimposed walking (WB-EMS-W) exercise is questionable because of the marginal differences in the outcome variables